Steam-generator



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UNITED STATES f PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL D. S'IAUFFER, OF LANCASTER., PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-G EN ERATOR.

SPECIFCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 461,454, dated October20, 1891.

Application filed February 24, 1891- Serial No. 382,382. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, SAMUEL D. STAUEFER, of Lancaster, in the county ofLancaster and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvementsin Steam-Generators; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in a sectional steam generator orboiler consisting of a hollow bottom section, hollow side and ond wallsections, horizontal tubes or pipes placed in the same vertical plane.connecting the end-wall sections, spiral coils of tubing joining thetops of the side-wall sections and the upper horizontal tube, spiral orconical -coils of tubing connect-ing the horizontal tubes in thevertical plane, and a removable hood or covering lined with somenon-heatcondncting material to confine the action of the heat in thefire-box most directly to the arrangement of the coils and tubes, aswill be hereinafter more clearly set forth.

The objects of the invention are manifold: first, the construction of aboiler in sections,

vso that the separate parts can be packed vompactly for shipment andreadily set up at destination: second, that the several individual partsmay be readily exposed for cleaning or repairs; third, having a greatarea of heatingsurface in a small place, and, fourth, dispensing withthe usual crown-sheet.

The purposes of the invent-ion are attained by the devices illustratedin the several views of the accompanying drawings, in which similarletters of reference designate like parts throughout, and in which-Figure l is a front end elevation of a sectional steam generatorembodying the elements of myinvention, the fire-box and ashpit doorsremoved; Fig. 2, a vertical crosssection, through the outlet-tube,showing the connecting-coils in full lines in place; Fig. 3, a view fromthe right of Fig. l, partially in sect-ion, to show the insidearrangement of the parts; Fig. 4, a perspective view of portions of aside and end wall detached, showing the opening in the end wall wherethe two are joined; and Fig. 5, a detail view showing one it a ridge orbead a', forming'a recess adapted to receive an end b of the hollow sidewalls B and B', while bolts b', extending through the end walls andlongitudinally within the side walls, serve, by means of nuts b2,screwed home, to bind the parts together. These bolts may be omitted andany other approved means for attaching the parts may be used instead. v

Centrally located and in the same vertical plane are two pipes or tubesC and C', their ends itted into recesses a2, formed about oriflcesthrough the inner faces of the end walls A and A. The pipe C, situatedin the ridge, becomes the steam-drum, and the pipe C', eX- tendingthrough the fire-bed, becomes water or fire pipe ofthe boiler, whilebolts c and c', by means of their respective nuts, screwed home, serveto bind the parts together. Packingrings C2 are used to complete thesejoints, and the joints of the side and end walls may also be packed.

A number of flattened conical coils D of tubing connect the ridge pipeor drum C and the fire-pipe C. These coils are placed vertically and atdesired intervals throughout the length of the boiler, and c2Vdesignates the places where the extremities of the coils are joined tothe respective pipes.

A numberof coils E of tubing connect the tops of the side walls B andBwith the ridge pipe o'r drum C. These coils are shown inclined in thedrawings, and are placed at desired intervals throughout the length ofthe boiler, and b2 designates the places where their lower ends areattached to the top of the respective side Wall B or B', while c3indicates the places Where their upper ends join the ridge pipe or drumC.

Vhen an increased area of heating-surface is desired, coils may bedoubled, asis clearly e shown in Fig. 5, where one coil E is placed IOOwithin another coil E2, and the conical coils D may likewise be doubled.Any number of coils may be thus hunched.

While the coiled connections j ust described are preferred, they may bedispensed with and horizontal tubes used in place, said tubes joiningthe front and the rear end walls A and A and bound together, as in thecase of the pipes C .and C just described; but a bolt need not be passedthrough every tube. This construction being so evident,its illustrationwas deemed supertiuous.

F shows a portion of an outlet-tube, which is attached to one of thebosses c4 on the upper side of the steam-drum C, forming an outlet forthe eduction of steam or heated water to the place where either is to beused. This outlet-tube may be attached to bosses on the outer face ofeither end wall, as at a3, near the top of the wall A in Fig. l, while Gshows a'portion of an inlet-tube through a boss a4 near the bottom ofthe same-wall, forming an inlet for the induction of -return matter orwater into the body of the boiler. This inlet-tube may also be appliedto any of the bosses b3 shown near the bottom of either of the sidewalls.

I-I shows a fire-grate consisting of the usual grate-bars h, placedlongitudinally from front to rear of the generator and immediately belowthe fire-pipe C', Awhere the extremities of said bars rest on abracketorprojecting ridge d5, integral with the inner face of each end wall A orA. The grate divides the interior of the boiler horizontally into twocompartments, O being the fire-box or combustionchamber, and O theash-pit or air-chamber, while o' indicates the doorway or fuel-inlet tothe former, and o the doorway or ash-outlet to the latter, both of whichmay be closed by doors in the usual manner, and'o2 indicates thesmoke-outlet from the combustion-chainber through the rear wall A of theboiler. Y

Any other tire-grate of approved construction may be used in thisconnection, and all grates may be dispensed with or used in a modifiedform when either natural or manufactured gas is used as fuel, or anyvapor- A above the side walls B and B and between the upper portions 0fthe end walls A and A. Each section of the hood is formed 0f metalsheeting fi', lying on the upper edges of the end walls andextendingfrom the ridge of the boiler down over the sides to a point alittle below the top of the respective side walls, where the lower edgeof the section rests on lugs or projections b3, placed at intervalsagainst the outer face of said side wall, and the sheeting has a flanget2 along each side edge projecting downward over the outer face ofthe'end wall, along which the flange eX- tends, and the lining is, whichconsists of any non-heat-conducting material, like mineral wool orasbestusfelt, and is securely attached to the under side of saidsheeting by means of Wires 4, laced through the eyes of asbestus buttons'i5 and through punctures t in the sheeting.

K designates a metallic base on which the generator stands; but thisbase may be deep# ened and made hollow and openings -made from belowthrough their bottoms into the side and end walls of the boiler, saidopend ings to register with similaropenings through the upper face ofthe hollow base where said walls stand, as is clearly indicated bydotted lines K in the drawings, Figs. l, 2, and 3.

When desired, the met-al base may be dispensed with and the generatorstand on a cement or on any other approved floor; but in this case, aswell as when a solid metal base is used, there will be no openings in orthrough the bottoms of theseveral wall-sections.

lt will here be observed that by the construction and junction of theseveral parts, as described, the device forms a complete watercircuitthroughout and that all pressure arising from the generation of steam orthe heating of water is confined to within these parts; that thispressure, being' thus confined, the usual crown-sheet is dispensed with,and that the linedhood or bonnet serves to confine the action of the`heat in the fire-box directly to the parts; that fixing the water-levelat about the point p the parts above said point become a superheater andthat steam may be made dry; that fixing the water-level at about thepoint ,q will give the effect of an ordinary steam-boiler, and that byfilling the entire device, together with the outlet and return pipes,with water it will become a hot-water circulator or heater; but in allcases, owing to the small quantity of water confined therein and thelarge area of heating-surface acting thereon, the device is a quickgenerator of steam or a rapid circulator of heated water, and alwayswith the greatest economy or saving in fuel.

It will also be observed that my generator is equally as well adapted tohigh-pressure or IOO engine purposes as it is forheating, for it Y maybe provided with the usual gages and levels or other means for safety,as well as with the usual appliances for regulating the draft.

Having now described the invention and fully set forth its application,what I do consider new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The herein-described sectional boiler having no crown-sheet,consisting of hollow bottom, hollow side, and end wall sections, thesections joined, as shown, and having continuous internal communication,a horizontal pipe in the ridge and a horizontal pipe in the fire-bedconnecting the interior ofthe hollow end-wall sections, coils of tubingconnecting the interior of the horizontal pipes, coils of of ashes andfor regulating the draft, all substantially as described, and for thepurpose set forth.

2. The combination, iu a steam-generator having no crown-sheet,with awater-wall consisting of hollow end-wall sections, hollow side-Wallsections at the base, a drum at the ridge, and a water-pipe in thefire-bed, connecting the interior of the end-wall sections, and meansprovided for holding the sections together, of a non-heat-conductinghood resting on the upper edges of the end andside wall sections,'covering the space between said sections, whereby a combustion-chamberis formed, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth. Y

3. The combination, in a steam-generator, with a water-wall consistingof hollow endwall sections, hollow side-wall sections at the base, adrum near the top, and a water-pipe in the fire-bed, connecting theinterior of the end-wall sections, and means to hold the sectionstogether, of a tubular outlet lfrom the drum, a tubular inlet near thebottom, and tubular return connections joining said outlet and inlet,wherebya circuit hollow throughout is formed, substantially asdescribed, and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, in a steam-generator, with a water-Wall consistingof hollow end sections, hollow intermediate side sections below, anintermediate drum above, and an intermediate water-pipe in the tire-bed,connecting the interior of the end sections, and means to hold thesections together, of a series of coils of tubing connecting theinterior of the drum with the interior of the water-pipe, substantiallyas described, and for the purpose 'set forth..

5. The combination, in a steam-generator,

water-pipe in the ire-bed,'connecting the interior of the end sections,means to hold the sections together, and vertical tubular connectionsbetween the interior of t-he drum above and the interior of thewater-pipe below, substantially as described, and for the purpose setforth.

6. The combination, in Aa steam-generator, of hollow end-wallsections,intermediate hollow side-Wall sections connecting the interiorof the lower portions of the end-wall sections near their outer ends, anintermediate drum above and an intermediate water-pipe below, said pipeand drum having vertical tubular conical coil connections betweenthemLand said drum and pipe connecting the interior of said end-wallsections, and tubular connections With the interior of the hollowside-Wall sections below and the interior of the drum above,substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth. f

7. The combination, in a sectional steamgenerator, of the hollow frontand rear end sections, hollow intermediate side sections connecting theinterior of the lower portions of said end sections, an intermediatesteamdrum connecting the interior of said endsections near their tops,an intermediate waterpipe `connecting the interior of said end sectionsbelow, a series'of conical coils of tubing connecting vertically theinterior of said steam-drum with the interior of said Waterpipe, and aseries of spiral coils of tubing connecting the linterior of the drumabove with the interior of the intermediate side sections below,substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presenceoftwo subscribin g witnesses.

SAMUEL D. STAUFFER.

Vitnesses:

HENRY C. MUssER, DANL. H. HERR.

